@article{oai:oist.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001396,
 author = {Miyata, Makoto and Robinson, Robert C. and Uyeda, Taro Q. P. and Fukumori, Yoshihiro and Fukushima, Shun‐ichi and Haruta, Shin and Homma, Michio and Inaba, Kazuo and Ito, Masahiro and Kaito, Chikara and Kato, Kentaro and Kenri, Tsuyoshi and Kinosita, Yoshiaki and Kojima, Seiji and Minamino, Tohru and Mori, Hiroyuki and Nakamura, Shuichi and Nakane, Daisuke and Nakayama, Koji and Nishiyama, Masayoshi and Shibata, Satoshi and Shimabukuro, Katsuya and Tamakoshi, Masatada and Taoka, Azuma and Tashiro, Yosuke and Tulum, Isil and Wada, Hirofumi and Wakabayashi, Ken‐ichi},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {Genes to Cells},
 month = {Jan},
 note = {Motility often plays a decisive role in the survival of species. Five systems of motility have been studied in depth: those propelled by bacterial flagella, eukaryotic actin polymerization and the eukaryotic motor proteins myosin, kinesin and dynein. However, many organisms exhibit surprisingly diverse motilities, and advances in genomics, molecular biology and imaging have showed that those motilities have inherently independent mechanisms. This makes defining the breadth of motility nontrivial, because novel motilities may be driven by unknown mechanisms. Here, we classify the known motilities based on the unique classes of movement-producing protein architectures. Based on this criterion, the current total of independent motility systems stands at 18 types. In this perspective, we discuss these modes of motility relative to the latest phylogenetic Tree of Life and propose a history of motility. During the ~4 billion years since the emergence of life, motility arose in Bacteria with flagella and pili, and in Archaea with archaella. Newer modes of motility became possible in Eukarya with changes to the cell envelope. Presence or absence of a peptidoglycan layer, the acquisition of robust membrane dynamics, the enlargement of cells and environmental opportunities likely provided the context for the (co)evolution of novel types of motility.},
 pages = {6--21},
 title = {Tree of motility – A proposed history of motility systems in the tree of life},
 volume = {25},
 year = {2020}
}