@article{oai:oist.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002202,
 author = {Bu, Tongle and Li, Jing and Li, Hengyi and Tian, Congcong and Su, Jie and Tong, Guoqing and Ono, Luis K. and Wang, Chao and Lin, Zhipeng and Chai, Nianyao and Zhang, Xiao-Li and Chang, Jingjing and Lu, Jianfeng and Zhong, Jie and Huang, Wenchao and Qi, Yabing and Cheng, Yi-Bing and Huang, Fuzhi},
 issue = {6548},
 journal = {Science},
 month = {Jun},
 note = {Upscaling efficient and stable perovskite layers is one of the most challenging issues in the commercialization of perovskite solar cells. Here, a lead halide–templated crystallization strategy is developed for printing formamidinium (FA)–cesium (Cs) lead triiodide perovskite films. High-quality large-area films are achieved through controlled nucleation and growth of a lead halide•N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone adduct that can react in situ with embedded FAI/CsI to directly form α-phase perovskite, sidestepping the phase transformation from δ-phase. A nonencapsulated device with 23% efficiency and excellent long-term thermal stability (at 85°C) in ambient air (~80% efficiency retention after 500 hours) is achieved with further addition of potassium hexafluorophosphate. The slot die–printed minimodules achieve champion efficiencies of 20.42% (certified efficiency 19.3%) and 19.54% with an active area of 17.1 and 65.0 square centimeters, respectively.},
 pages = {1327--1332},
 title = {Lead halide–templated crystallization of methylamine-free perovskite for efficient photovoltaic modules},
 volume = {372},
 year = {2021}
}