@article{oai:oist.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000733,
 author = {Yamada, Ichiro and Yoshino, Norio and Hikishima, Keigo and Sakamoto, Junichiro and Yokokawa, Misaki and Oikawa, Yu and Harada, Hiroyuki and Kurabayashi, Tohru and Saida, Yukihisa and Tateishi, Ukihide and Yukimori, Akane and Izumo, Toshiyuki and Asahina, Shun},
 journal = {Magnetic Resonance Imaging},
 month = {Apr},
 note = {PURPOSE: In this study, we aimed to determine the usefulness of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) as a noninvasive method for evaluation of the histologic grade and lymph node metastasis in patients with oral carcinoma. 
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven patients with oral carcinoma were examined with a 3-T MR system and 16-channel coil. DKI data were obtained by a single-shot echo-planar imaging sequence with repetition time, 10,000ms; echo time, 94ms; field of view, 250x204.25ms; matrix, 120x98; section thickness, 4mm; four b values of 0, 500, 1000, and 2000s/mm(2); and motion-probing gradients in three orthogonal directions. Diffusivity (D) and kurtosis (K) were calculated using the equation: S=S0 exp(-b D+b(2) D(2) K/6). Conventional apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was also calculated. The MR images were compared with the histopathologic findings. 
RESULTS: Relative to the histologic grades (Grades 1, 2, and 3) of the 27 oral carcinomas, D values showed a significant inverse correlation (r=-0.885; P<0.001) and K values showed a significant positive correlation (r=0.869; P<0.001), whereas ADC values showed no significant correlation (r=-0.311; P=0.115). When comparing between metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes, significant differences in the D values (P<0.001) and K values (P<0.001), but not the ADC values (P=0.110) became apparent. 
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with oral carcinoma, DKI seems to be clinically useful for the evaluation of histologic grades and lymph node metastasis.},
 pages = {69--78},
 title = {Oral carcinoma: Clinical evaluation using diffusion kurtosis imaging and its correlation with histopathologic findings},
 volume = {51},
 year = {2018}
}